ECOLOGY

__6July: Cellular respiration__ 1. Glycolysis -In cytoplasm; breaks down glucose; 6-carbon molecule becomes 3-carbon molecule.
 * Can happen without oxygen. Some ATP produced.

2. The Krebs Cycle -In mitochondrial matrix; ATP combines with oxygen to produce even more energy

3. Electron Transport( or oxidative phosphorylation) -Inner membranes of mitocondrion

__Practical__ When glucose was added to the live yeast, foam was produced! Why? It's the same case as when flour is added to the yeast, where sugar is added as well to speed up the process.

Methylene blue is an indicator to see if chemicals are reduced or oxidised.


 * **Oxidation** is the //loss// of electrons or an //increase// in oxidation state.
 * **Reduction** is the //gain// of electrons or a //decrease// in oxidation state.

At the end of the experiment: Live yeast is needed for reduction and oxidation whereas dead yeast is not. Inside a live yeast cell, a process occurs to decolourize the methylene blue molecules that enter the cell. Under a microscope, yeasts that are not blue are live cells. For dead yeasts, no process occurs when methylene blue enters the cell, so the methylene blue remains blue in the cell.

__Things I learnt today: 29June10__

Yeast produces ethanol during respiration. :O Anaerobic respiration occurs when there's a lack of oxygen, rather than energy.


 * Topical Essential Questions**

1. What is the relationship between energy and matter? Energy is used to produce matter--energy is required for amino acids to form proteins, in turn forming muscles and other organs. Matter requires energy to perform various processes. Matter can store energy.

2. How is energy significant to biological system? Processes need energy: Eating, sleeping, typing..

3. Can an organism survive without the exchange of matter with its environment? All life processes need the exchange of matter to survive--respiration!

4. Are all matters living and all living organisms made of matter? No, but all living organisms are made of matter(macromolecules).

5. Can living organisms create and destroy energy? Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred from one living organism to another.

6. Can living organisms create and destroy matters? Yes.

-Why do we need to respire? -Do the structure and organisation of the living system change when energy is released from them? -How are respiratory systems of animals organised efficiently to carry out its functions? -Can there be any metabolism without enzymes?
 * Essential Questions**

Photosynthesis: Raw materials (simple molecules) --> Glucose (complex molecule) ANABOLISM -Forms energy
 * Difference between photosynthesis and respiration**

Respiration: Glucose(complex molecule)--> Carbon dioxide + Water (simple molecule) CATABOLISM -Releases energy

1. Living organisms release energy within the biological molecule into forms they can use to carry out life processes. 2. Process of the release of energy is affected by external environmental. 3. The structure and organization of the respiratory system is dictated by the function it serves. 4. Metabolic pathway is a sequence of enzyme...processes.